Obesity is a complex disorder, which is diagnosed when the body mass index (BMI) is 30 or higher. Obesity is not a cosmetic problem alone; it may increases the risk of many diseases. Heart diseases, blood pressure and diabetes are common problems in obesity. Obesity occurs when you take more calories than you burn through exercises and daily activities. Following are the complications that occur in obesity:
- Life style diseases: -It develops Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke and high blood pressure
- Cancer: -It develops cancer which includes cancer of vertex, cervix, endometrium, ovaries, breast, colon, oesophagus, rectum, liver, kidney, prostate and pancreas.
- Breathing disorder: - It develops sleep apnoea, which is serious sleep disorder. In this disease breathing stops and starts repeatedly.
- Gallbladder disease: - It increases the risk of gallstones.
- Gynaecological problems: - Obesity causes irregular periods and infertility.
- Liver disease: - It causes Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this condition fats builds up in liver and causes inflammation or scarring.
- Osteoarthritis: - Over weight puts pressure on legs that leads to osteoarthritis.
- Quality of life: - Quality of life may be disturbed due to obesity. People with obesity may not be able to attend enjoyable activities and may face discrimination.
- Other obesity related problems: - Depression, Sexual problems, disability, social isolation, shame and guilt.
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Sources:1. “Obesity” https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/obesity/symptoms-causes/syc-20375742.
2. “9 Prevention of Obesity” https://www.nap.edu/read/4756/chapter/11.